The Cannabinoids are a group
of natural substances present in the plant Cannabis Sativa. Chemically they are
derivated of dibenzopyrene or monoterpenoids. The Cannabis Sativa contanis
about 420 chemical compounds of which the more important are THC, cannabinol
(CBN) y cannabidiol (CBD). You can see the molecular form of these substances below.
As happen with the opiates,
that they join directly to the endorphine receptors, the cannabinoids receptors
join to his specific molecule: the anandamide. The anadamide is involved in
the regulation of the mood, memory, appetite, pain, cognition and feelings.
Cannabis is widely use to
have the characteristics of mood alteration and relaxation. The lack of scientific
evidence about how cannabis could increase the performance is associated with
the obvius evidence of their harmful effects over psychomotor skills and the
cognosctive function, what could be dangerous in certain sport modalities (sky,
motor sports).
The prohibition of the use
of cannabinoids in sports is based in the safety concern during training and
competition. According to the WADA, cannabinoids samples not are analysed in
out competition tests.
The primary effects of
cannabinoids are exercised over the central nervous system and cause lack of physical
effort motivation and a weakening of the psychomotor system, memory and perception
in the short term. Regarding to the physiological effects, cannabinoids cause
tachycardia, bronchodilation and a greater blood flow to the limbs. The chronic
consumption of cannabinoids could produce the destruction of CB1 brain
receptors, giving as a result a blood flow shortening and a decrease in the
glucose and oxygen supply to the brain what could produce attention déficit,
memory lose and a deteriorated learning capacity.
Finally,
it should be noted that since the beginning of 2018 Cannabidiol(CBD) stopped being considered as a ilegal substance by the WADA. We will talk deeper
about it in following posts.
Buen post!
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