Sunday 4 March 2018

What are anabolic agents?

Anabolic steroids, also known more properly as anabolic androgenic steroids (AAS), are synthetic variations of the male sex hormone testosterone. The terms "Anabolic" refers to muscle building, and "androgenic" refers to increased male sex characteristics.

USES:

Anabolic steroids have many uses, classified into four groups mainly: Medical, anabolic, androgenic and other uses (like male contracepcion, treatment of breast cancer in women, etc).
One of the uses more know is to improve performance.

Studies in the United States have shown that AAS users tend to be mostly middle-class heterosexual men with a medianage of about 25 who are noncompetitive bodybuilders and non-athletes and use the drugs for cosmetic purposes.


Routes of administration:

The most commons forms of administration of AAS are by oral pills, injectable steroids and creams or gels.
Some athletes and other who abuse of these sustance, think that they can avoid unwanted side effects or maximize the drugs effects taking them by differents ways:
  • Stacking: Combination of two or more types of steroids.
  • Cycling: Taking doses for a period of time, stopping for a time.
  • Pyramiding: Slowly increasing the dose or frecuency of abuse, reaching a peak amount, and then gradually tapering off.

ADVERSE EFFECTS:

The use of AAS have some side effects  that can seriously affect health.
Known of possible side effects of Anabolics include:
  • Dermatologycal: oily skin, acne vulgaris...
  • Reproductive/endocrine: libido changes, reversible infertility, hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, erectile dysfunction, hirsutism...
  • Psychiatric/neurological: mood swings, irritability, aggresion, euphoria, depression...
  • Musculoskeletal: Muscle strains, tendon ruptures, muscle hypertrophy...
  • Cardiovascular: atherosclerosis, hypertension, dyslipidemia, left ventricular hypertrophy...
  • Hepatic: elevated liver function tests, hepatotoxicity, peliosis hepatis, hepatocellular...
  • Renal: renal hypertrophy, acute renal failure, glomerulosclerosis...
  • Others: insuline resistance, immune dysfunction, glucose intolerance.

Bibliography:

Anabolic steroid



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